Tatar
A language of Russian Federation (Europe)
ISO 639-3: tat
Population 5,350,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census). 24,668 Kreshen (Kryashen) Tatars, who are traditionally Russian Orthodox. Population total all countries: 6,496,600.
Region Tatarstan and Bashkortostan Republics; St. Petersburg and Moscow to eastern Siberia. Also in Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Belarus, China, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkey (Europe), Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States, Uzbekistan.
Language map European Russia
Alternate names Tartar
Dialects Middle Tatar (Kazan), Western Tatar (Misher), Eastern Tatar (Siberian Tatar). Eastern Tatar is divided into 3: Tobol-Irtysh, Baraba, and Tom. Tobol-Irtysh is divided into 5: Tyumen, Tobol, Zabolotny, Tevriz, and Tara (Tumasheva). Mixed dialects are: Astrakhan, Kasimov, Tepter, and Ural (Poppe). 43,000 Astrakhan have assimilated to the Middle dialect. Kasim (5,000) is between Middle and Western Tatar. Tepter (300,000) is reportedly between the Tatar and Bashkort [bak] languages.
Classification Altaic, Turkic, Western, Uralian
Language use In the Republic of Tatarstan it is the official language, along with Russian, and it is taught in primary and secondary schools. Also used by the Karatai (different from Karata [kpt]), ethnically Erzya people who speak Tatar. All domains. All ages. Positive attitude. Many bilingual in Russian.
Language development Literacy rate in L2: High. Magazines. Newspapers. Radio programs. TV. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 2001 (Tatar), 2005 (Kreshen).
Writing system Cyrillic script. Latin script.
Comments Different from Crimean Tatar (Crimean Turkish [crh]). SOV. Muslim (Sunni), Christian.
Also spoken in:
China
Language name Tatar
Population 800 in China (1999 Z. Chen), decreasing. Ethnic population: 4,890 (2000 census).
Region North Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Yining (Ghulja, Kulja), Qvqek, and Ürümqi.
Language map China
Alternate names Tartar, Tata’er
Language use Used for oral tradition, songs. Older adults. Written Uyghur [uig] and Kazakh [kaz] are used as literary languages; nearly all use them.
Language development Literacy rate in L2: 90%.
Comments Classified as Tatar nationality. Some nationality members speak only Kazakh. Speech in different areas is influenced by Uyghur and Kazakh. Traders; craftsmen; agriculturalists. Muslim (Sunni).
Turkey (Europe)
Language name Tatar
Region Istanbul, perhaps elsewhere.
Comments Muslim.
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